Combined plumb and level.



PATENTED JUNE 13, 1905.

C. J. DBWAINE.

COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.26,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

No. 792,320. PATENTED JUNE 13, 1905. C. J. DEWAINE.

COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 26, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

rinvzntor Patented June 13, 1905.

PATENT CEETQE.

CHARLES J. DENVAINE, ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

COMBINED PLUIVIB AND LEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 792,320, dated June 13,1905.

Application filed August 26, 1904. Serial No. 222,280.

'1'0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES J. DEWAINE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Plumband Level, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide an instrument for levelingand plumbing work which is sensitive and not afitected by wind, thusbeing free from the annoyance incident to the use of the ordinary plumband level, and which will enable the parts to be accurately adjusted andconveniently and easily assembled.

For a full description of the invention and the merits thereof and alsoto acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means foreffecting the result reference is to be had to the following descriptionand accompanying drawings.

lVhile the essential and characteristic features of the invention aresusceptible of modification, still the preferred embodiment of theinvention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a front elevation or face view of a plumb and level embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal section of thesame. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is adetail vertical section through the slotted guide-plate and adjustablecarrier for the upper end of the plumb-line. Fig. 5 is a rear face viewof the washer member thereof. Fig. 6 is a detail longitudinal section ofthe parts shown in Fig. 4.. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the cap orshield for the plumb-bob. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing amodification in the construction of the instrument. Fig. 9 is a centralvertical longitudinal section of the same.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the samereference characters.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 1designates the body of the instrument, which may be of any desireddimensions and constructed of any material commonly employed in themanufacture of plumbs and levels of this type. As shown, the body 1 ispreferablya wooden bar, stock, or frame provided with a verticalspirit-level 2 and a horizontal spirit-level 3, which may be of anypreferred form and construction and mounted in or upon the stock in anydesired manner. {The body or stock 1 in the form of the invention shownin Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, is provided in its face, near its lower end,with a chamber or recess 4 to receive a plumb-bob 5, which is attachedto the lower end of the plumb line or cord 6, which is designed toextend longitudinally upon the face of the stock in line with a grooveor gage-line to register with a gage-mark or indicator 7, arrangedadjacent to and slightly above the chamber or recess 4:. As shown, thesaid chamber or recess 4 is closed on its outer side by a cap or shield8, which is preferably of hemispherical form and provided with a flange9 for the passage of suitable fastenings to at tach it to the body 1 andalso provided at its upper portion with an extension 10 in the form of athree-sided radial projection the inner ends of the side walls of whichbear against the face of the body 1 and form a mouth or inlet for thepassage of the plumb cord or line 6. The purpose of this shield is tocomplete the formation of a plumb-bob housing or receptacle, whichshields the bob from wind-pressure, and thereby prevents it in use frombeing affected by wind-currents and causing the annoyance incident tothe ordinary construction of instrument from this source.

The upper end of the cord or line 6 is attached to and carried by aholder or carrier consisting of a clamp device composed of a screw 11,having its head 12 arranged to cooperate with a guide-plate 13, securedto the upper end of the face portion of the body 1. This guide-plate hasan offset portion 14, in which the head 12 is housed and fitted toslide, and is provided in said offset portion with a longitudinal slot15, serving as a guide for the threaded stem or shank 16 of said screw,which projects therethrough to the exterior of the guide-plate. The stemor shank is formed with an opening 17 for the passage of the cord 6,which latter is clamped against the face of the offset portion 14 by awasher 18 and clamp-nut 19, the said washer being provided on its innerside or face with a groove 20 for the reception of the cord and a rib21, which fits and slides in the slot 15 and holds the washer againstrotation. The nut 19 is adapted to force the washer against the outerface of the offset portion 1st of the guide-plate and hold. the cord 6clamped against the same. Upon slacking up this nut it will beunderstood that the cord may be quickly released to enable the plumb-bobto be adjusted vertically and also to allow the screw and coacting partsof the cord-clamp to be adjusted longitudinally along the slot 15 toadapt the device to be used for plumbing in angle-work. Owing to thefact that the bob is shielded and prevented from being affected bywind-currents, it will be readily understood that the device is adaptedto give accurate results without the extreme care required with theordinary construction of instrument and that the construction of theshield and the cord holder and clamp permits of ready application andremoval of the bob and the adjustment of the cord and bob to suitdifferent kinds of work.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the body or stock 1is provided at its lower end with a transverse opening 22, the lowerportion of which is closed on its opposite sides by concavo-convexshield-plates 23, and the upper portion of each is provided with a sightdevice consisting of oppositelyarranged flared or frusto conicalmetallic pieces 24, terminating at their inner ends in cylindricalholders 25, receiving observation lenses 26. These holders 25 are alsoprovided with sight points or devices 27, and the flared metal pieces 2%of which they constitute a part, extend outwardly above and close orcover the upper portions of the shields 23, and thus form a casing forthe reception of the bob 5. The lenses 25 of the sight devices aredisposed at the lower end of a longitudinal bore or passage 28,extending upwardly from the transverse opening 22 to and through theupper end of the body orstock 1. Through this bore passes the plumb lineor cord 6, which is suspended from an adjustable holder or carrierconsisting of a screw 29, having an opening 30 through its head andthreaded stem for the passage of the upper end of the cord, which isknotted or otherwise formed with a stop to bear upon the upper end ofthe stem and hold the cord and plumb at the desired elevation in theplumb casing. The head of the screw bears against the under side of aguide-plate 31, suitably fitted in the upper end of the stock andextending across the bore or passage 28. This plate is provided with alongitudinal slot 32, through which extends the threaded shank of thescrew, which is provided above the plate with a clamping-nut 33 to holdit in adjusted position. By this construction it will be seen that uponloosening the nut the cord may be set or adjusted to true the bob andbring it in exact registering relation with the gagepoints 27 or toadjust the same for angle-work when occasion requires.

In both forms of my invention the bob 5 may be provided with a jacket orcovering 5' of some suitable soft material, such as felt or rubber, toprevent it in moving to and fro from striking too hard against the bodyor wind-shields and injuring or mutilating the same. Also, if desired. Imay employ the mode of attaching the lower end of the cord to the bobshown in detail in Fig. 9namely, by passing same through a hollowfasteningscrew 05 and knotting the lower end thereof to hold it fromwithdrawal, the screw being formed, as shown, with a shoulder 36 tolimit its movement when the threaded shank thereof has been screwedwithin its threaded receiving-opening in the bob to the desired extent.In addition to cushioning the blow the covering of the bob 5 preventsany noise or jar incident to impact of said bob with the body or stockof the instrument.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. In adevice of the character described, the combination of a body, aplumb-bob, a cord carrying the bob, a transversely-disposcd adjustableguide-plate carried by the body and provided with a longitudinal slot, acord-holding device, embodying a screw having its head operating on oneside of the guide-plate and having its shank passed through the slottherein, said screw being provided with an opening to receive thebob-cord, and a nut threaded upon said screw and adapted to clamp thecord-holding device at an ascertained adjustment.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination of a body,aplumb-bob, a line or cord attached thereto, and a suspending device forthe cord adapted to clamp the cord in adjusted position and to adjustthe same transversely for angling the plumb, substantially as set forth.

3. .In an instrument of the class described, the combination of a body,a plun'ib-bob, a cord carrying the bob, a guide member on the body, anda cord-holding device adjustable transversely of the body on said guidemember and comprising a member movable on said guide member. a clampelement, and means for securing said movable member and clamp element infixed relation on the guide member, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES J. DEWAINE. It. s]

IVitnesses:

M. It. MoCoPJr, CuAs. Iil. Srourrnnn.

'IIO

